A shuttle kiln is a machine kiln with a door on one or both sides. Burners are located at the top and bottom of each side, creating a turbulent circular air flow. This type of kiln is generally a multi-machine design and is used to process whiteware, technical ceramics, and refractories in batches. The shuttle kiln gets its name from the fact that kiln machines can enter the shuttle kiln from either side of the kiln for processing, whereas a tunnel kiln has a flow in only one direction.

A tunnel kiln is a long, narrow tunnel with a rail floor through which the products pass through the heat and are fired or sintered. To pass through the tunnel kiln, the products must be loaded onto special carriages. A tunnel kiln consists of three stages: preheating, firing, and cooling. In the simplest type of tunnel kiln, burners in the firing area heat the air in the kiln. A tunnel kiln is a long, narrow tunnel with a rail floor through which the products pass through the heat and are fired or sintered. To pass through the tunnel kiln, the products must be loaded onto special carriages. The tunnel kiln consists of three stages: preheating, firing, and cooling. In the simplest type of tunnel kiln, burners in the firing area heat the air in the kiln.

The rotary kiln is made of rolled mild steel sheet, usually between 15 and 30 mm thick, welded to form a cylinder which may be up to 230 m long and up to 6 m in diameter. The shell deforms under its own weight into an oval cross-section, resulting in bending during rotation. The length is not necessarily limited, but if the kiln is very long it becomes difficult to cope with the length changes on heating and cooling (usually about 0.1 to 0.5% of the length).

The laboratory furnace allows the simulation of each firing cycle and reliably reproduces the required operating conditions. The thermal gradient of the firing curve can be easily controlled at any point in the cycle, controlling the optimum gradient for the product under investigation. The steel plate of the outer structure is coated with epoxy powder paint. The inner structure is insulated with refractory ceramic materials for parts exposed to fire.